The principle of generating force in electric motors

An electric motor is a machine that uses a magnetic field to generate power.
1. An electric motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. It utilizes an energized coil to generate a rotating magnetic field that acts on the rotor to form a magneto electric rotational torque.
2. Electric motors are divided into DC motors and AC motors according to the different power sources used. Most of the motors in the power system are AC motors, which can be synchronous motors or asynchronous motors.
3. An electric motor is mainly composed of a stator and a rotor, and the direction of the force acting on the energized wire in the magnetic field is related to the direction of the current and the direction of the magnetic induction line. The working principle of an electric motor is that the magnetic field exerts a force on the current, causing the motor to rotate.
In short, the power generation is generated by the rotation of the energized winding in a rotating magnetic field. When the winding wound on the stator is energized with alternating current, due to the characteristics of alternating current, the stator winding will generate a rotating electromagnetic field. The winding on the rotor is a closed loop conductor, located in the rotating magnetic field of the stator, which is equivalent to continuously cutting the magnetic induction line of the stator. According to Faraday’s law, when a part of a closed conductor cuts through a magnetic induction line in a magnetic field, an electric current is generated in the conductor, which in turn forms an electromagnetic field. In this way, there are two electromagnetic fields in the electric motor: one is the stator electromagnetic field generated by connecting external AC power; The other is the rotor electromagnetic field formed by cutting the stator electromagnetic induction line and generating current. According to Lenz’s law, the magnetic field of the induced current must always resist the cause of the induced current (the rotor winding cuts the magnetic induction line of the stator electromagnetic field), which means that the conductor on the rotor no longer cuts the magnetic induction line of the stator magnetic field. This result is that the conductor on the rotor catches up with the rotating electromagnetic field of the stator, causing the rotor to rotate along with the rotating electromagnetic field of the stator, ultimately causing the motor to start rotating.
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Post time: Mar-13-2024