Motor winding method:
1. Distinguish the magnetic poles formed by the stator windings
According to the relationship between the number of magnetic poles of the motor and the actual number of magnetic poles in the winding distribution stroke, the stator winding can be divided into a dominant type and a consequential pole type.
(1) Dominant-pole winding: In the dominant-pole winding, each (group) coil travels one magnetic pole, and the number of coils (groups) of the winding is equal to the number of magnetic poles.
In the dominant winding, in order to keep the polarities N and S of the magnetic poles apart from each other, the current directions in the adjacent two coils (groups) must be opposite, that is, the connection method of the two coils (groups) of the bell must be at the end The tail end is connected to the head end, and the head end is connected to the head end (electrical terminology is “tail connection tail, head joint”), that is, reverse connection in series.
(2) Consequential pole winding: In the consequential pole winding, each (group) coil travels two magnetic poles, and the number of coils (groups) of the winding is half of the magnetic poles, because the other half of the magnetic poles are generated by the coils (groups) The magnetic lines of force of the magnetic poles common itinerary.
In the consequential-pole winding, the polarities of the magnetic poles traveled by each coil (group) are the same, so the current directions in all coils (groups) are the same, that is, the connection method of two adjacent coils (groups) should be The receiving end of the tail end (electrical term is “tail connector”), that is, the serial connection mode.
2. Distinguish by the shape of the stator winding and the way of embedded wiring
The stator winding can be divided into two types: centralized and distributed according to the shape of coil winding and the way of embedded wiring.
(1) Concentrated winding: Concentrated winding is generally composed of only one or several rectangular frame coils. After winding, it is wrapped and shaped with abrasive tape, and then embedded in the iron core of the convex magnetic pole after being dipped and dried. This winding is used in the excitation coil of DC motors, general motors, and the main pole windings of single-phase shaded-pole motors.
(2) Distributed winding: The stator of the motor with distributed winding has no convex pole palm, and each magnetic pole is composed of one or several coils embedded and wired according to a certain rule to form a coil group. According to the different forms of embedded wiring arrangements, distributed windings can be divided into two types: concentric and stacked.
(2.1) Concentric winding: It is several rectangular coils of different sizes in the same coil group, which are embedded and arranged one by one into a zigzag shape according to the position of the same center. Concentric windings are divided into single-layer and multi-layer. Generally, the stator windings of single-phase motors and some low-power three-phase asynchronous motors adopt this form.
(2.2) Laminated winding: All coils have the same shape and size (except for single and double coils), each slot is embedded with a coil side, and the outer end of the slot is overlapped and evenly distributed. Laminated windings are divided into two types: single-layer stacking and double-layer stacking. The single-layer stacked winding, or single-stacked winding, is embedded with only one coil side in each slot; the double-layer stacked winding, or double-layered winding, is embedded with two coil sides (divided into upper and lower layers) belonging to different coil groups in each slot. stacked windings. Due to the change of the embedded wiring method, the stacked winding can be divided into single and double-turn cross wiring arrangement and single and double-layer mixed wiring arrangement. In addition, the embedded shape from the winding end is called chain winding and basket winding, which are actually stacked windings. Generally, the stator windings of three-phase asynchronous motors are mostly stacked windings.
3. Rotor winding:
Rotor windings are basically divided into two types: squirrel cage type and wound type. The squirrel-cage structural adhesive is simple, and its windings used to be clamped copper bars. At present, most of them are cast aluminum. The special double squirrel-cage rotor has two sets of squirrel-cage bars. The winding type rotor winding is the same as the stator winding, and it is also split with another wave winding. The shape of the wave winding is similar to that of the stacked winding, but the wiring method is different. Its basic original is not the entire coil, but twenty single-turn unit coils, which need to be welded one by one to form a coil group after being embedded. Wave windings are generally used in the rotor windings of large AC motors or the armature windings of medium and large DC motors.
The influence of the diameter and number of turns of the winding on the speed and torque of the motor:
The larger the number of turns, the stronger the torque, but the lower the speed. The smaller the number of turns, the faster the speed, but the weaker the torque, because the more the number of turns, the greater the magnetic force generated. Of course, the larger the current, the larger the magnetic field.
Speed formula: n=60f/P
(n=rotational speed, f=power frequency, P=number of pole pairs)
Torque formula: T=9550P/n
T is torque, unit N m, P is output power, unit KW, n is motor speed, unit r/min
Shenzhen Zhongling Technology Co., Ltd. has been deeply involved in the outer rotor gearless hub servo motor for many years. It adopts centralized windings, refers to different application scenarios, flexibly combines different winding turns and diameters, and designs a 4-16 inch load capacity. The 50-300kg outer rotor gearless hub motor is widely used in various wheeled robots, especially in food delivery robots, cleaning robots, building distribution robots and other industries, Zhongling Technology shines. At the same time, Zhongling Technology has not forgotten its original intention, and continues to develop a more comprehensive series of in-wheel motors, and continuously improves product design and production processes to help wheeled robots serve human beings.
Post time: Dec-05-2022